AFP Photo/Romeo Gacag (think IN pictures @1WORLD Community)
JohnnyAdam – Apa-apa
kejayaan Amerika Syarikat dan sekutu-sekutunya telah menik-mati di Afghanistan
dalam tempoh 3 tahun yang lalu akan dikurangkan secara mendadak pada 2017,
walaupun kehadiran tentera Amerika Syarikat kekal di negara ini, menurut
laporan perisikan Amerika Syarikat.
Perisikan
Anggaran Kebangsaan mengira bahawa Taliban dan peserta serantau lain, termasuk
Al-Qaeda, akan mula menonjolkan diri mereka sebagai Amerika Syarikat angin ke
bawah operasi ketenteraan di negara yang dilanda perang itu, Washington Post
mela-porkan, memetik pegawai biasa dengan laporan terperingkat .
Anggaran
itu termasuk analisis dari perkhidmatan perisikan negara 16.
Keadaan
ini akan merosot lebih cepat sekiranya Washington dan Kabul gagal untuk
menandatangani perjanjian keselamatan yang membolehkan kontingen ketenteraan Amerika
Syarikat ke atas wilayah Afghanistan selepas tahun 2014 , satu perjanjian yang
juga menjanjikan untuk membebaskan berbilion-bilion dolar dalam bantuan
kewangan ke Afghanistan .
“Dalam
ketiadaan kehadiran berterusan dan sokongan kewangan yang berterusan,” ang-garan
perisikan “menunjukkan keadaan akan merosot dengan cepat,” akhbar itu memetik
seorang pegawai Amerika Syarikat biasa dengan laporan itu sebagai berkata.
Beberapa
pegawai, bagaimanapun, menyatakan berpendapat bahawa anggaran perisikan perang
paling lama dalam sejarah Amerika adalah “terlalu pesimis” dan gagal untuk
mengambil kira pelbagai faktor, termasuk keberkesanan baik pasukan keselamatan
Afghanistan, yang akan diserahkan tugas mencegah Taliban kebangkitan, dan juga
kepu-tusan pilihan raya presiden tahun depan.
“Saya
fikir apa yang kita akan melihat adalah recalibration kuasa politik, wilayah
dan begitulah,” kertas yang dipetik rasmi lain sebagai mengulas . “Ia tidak
akan menjadi satu kenaikan tidak dapat dielakkan daripada Taliban.” Seorang
pegawai kanan pentadbiran memberitahu akhbar itu bahawa anggaran perisikan
mempunyai kecenderungan untuk melukis sekeping gambar suram keadaan di
Afghanistan.
“Penilaian
yang mengatakan perkara-perkara yang akan menjadi suram tidak kira apa yang
kamu lakukan, yang anda hanya melambatkan yang tidak dapat dielakkan, itu hanya
pandangan,” kata pegawai itu. “Saya tidak akan berfikir ia akan menjadi
pandangan penentu.”
“Sekali-kali
tidak telah lonjakan mengalahkan Taliban,” kata pegawai itu, tetapi ia tidak
membantu untuk “terbalik momentum Taliban dan memberi kerajaan lebih daripada
kelebihan. Saya fikir kita mencapai itu.”
Presiden
Afghanistan Hamid Karzai telah disimpan Washington menunggu Perjanjian
Keselamatan 2 Hala yang akan membolehkan luar jangka yang diketuai, termasuk
kira-kira 15,000 tentera Amerika, untuk kekal di negara ini selepas tahun 2014.
Sebabnya adalah jelas: Karzai, di bawah tekanan pendapat awam Afghanistan,
enggan untuk memberikan kekebalan kepada mana-mana tentera Amerika Syarikat
meninggalkan di atas tanah-air di Afghanistan, berikut 2014 tarikh sisipan yang
diisytiharkan.
Taliban back in the saddle in Afghanistan
by 2017 - leaked intel report
Any
success the US and its allies have enjoyed in Afghanistan in the past three
years will be dramatically reduced by 2017, even if a US military presence
remains in the country, according to a US intelligence report.
The
National Intelligence Estimate calculates that the Taliban and other regional
players, including Al-Qaeda, will begin to assert themselves as the United
States winds down military operations in the war-torn country, the Washington
Post reported, quoting officials familiar with the classified report.
The
estimate includes analysis from the country’s 16 intelligence services.
The
situation will deteriorate even more rapidly in the event that Washington and
Kabul fail to sign a security agreement that allows a US-led military
contingent on Afghan territory beyond 2014, an agreement that also promises to
free up billions of dollars in financial aid to Afghanistan.
"In
the absence of a continuing presence and continuing financial support,"
the intelligence estimate "suggests the situation would deteriorate very
rapidly," the newspaper quoted one US official familiar with the report as
saying.
Some
officials, however, expressed the opinion that the intelligence estimate of the
longest war in American history was “overly pessimistic” and failed to consider
various factors, including the improved effectiveness of Afghanistan's security
forces, which will be handed the task of preventing Taliban resurgence, as well
as the outcome of next year’s presidential election.
"I
think what we're going to see is a recalibration of political power, territory
and that kind of thing," the paper quoted another official as commenting. "It's
not going to be an inevitable rise of the Taliban."
A senior
administration official told the newspaper that the intelligence estimate has a
tendency to paint a gloomy picture of the situation in Afghanistan.
“An
assessment that says things are going to be gloomy no matter what you do, that
you’re just delaying the inevitable, that’s just a view,” said the official. “I
would not think it would be the determining view.”
“By no
means has the surge defeated the Taliban,” the official said, but it did help
to “reverse the Taliban’s momentum and give the government more of an edge. I
think we achieved that.”
Afghan
President Hamid Karzai has kept Washington waiting on the Bilateral Security
Agreement that would allow a US-led contingency, including some 15,000 American
troops, to remain in the country beyond 2014. The reason is clear: Karzai,
under Afghan public opinion pressure, is reluctant to grant immunity for any US
troops left on the ground in Afghanistan, following the declared 2014 pullout
date.
Reuters/Stringer (think IN
pictures @1WORLD Community)
Rakyat
Afghanistan telah menyaksikan terlalu banyak pembunuhan secara rambang rakyat
yang tidak berdosa untuk memberi lesen untuk tingkah laku yang lebih itu.
Bercuti Amerika Kesyukuran, sebagai contoh, serangan Drone Amerika Syarikat meninggalkan
satu kanak-kanak mati dan 2 wanita cedera tentera NATO mendakwa mereka cuba
untuk membunuh tunggal “militan yang dikenali” di Wilayah Helmand.
Sementara
itu, penganalisis bimbang bahawa cengkaman Kabul pada kuasa mungkin tidak lagi
relevan kerana ia kehilangan “pembelian” lebih pelbagai rantau di negara ini,
kata pegawai yang lain.
White
House enggan mengulas laporan NIE itu. Seorang pegawai pentadbiran kanan
berkata penilaian perisikan adalah “hanya satu alat dalam toolbox analisis dasar
kami.”
“Salah
satu tugas utama komuniti perisikan adalah untuk memberi amaran tentang upsides
berpotensi dan kelemahan kepada dasar Amerika Syarikat, dan kami kerap
meng-gunakan penilaian mereka untuk mengenal pasti kelemahan dan mengambil
langkah-langkah untuk membetulkannya,” kata kenyataan itu. “Kami akan seberat
input daripada [perkhidmatan perisikan] bersama-sama orang tentera, diplomat
dan pakar-pakar pem-bangunan seperti yang kita melihat keputusan berbangkit di
hadapan kita, termasuk mem-buat keputusan mengenai sama ada untuk meninggalkan
tentera di Afghanistan selepas akhir 2014.”
Stephen
Biddle, seorang pakar dasar pertahanan di Majlis Hubungan Luar, kata
pakar-pakar sebahagian besarnya ditarik antara dua pandangan mengenai prospek
masa depan di Afghanistan. Satu pihak melihat pasukan keselamatan Afghanistan
akhirnya memaksa Taliban ke dalam sejenis perjanjian politik. Satu lagi sebelah
ramalan bahawa Taliban, yang Amerika Syarikat dipersalahkan untuk melindungi
Al-Qaeda dalang, Osama bin Laden, akan beransur-ansur mendapatkan semula
pengaruh bekas di negara ini.
Biddle
berkata banyak bergantung kepada bagaimana Kongres, yang menjadi semakin
berhati-hati berterusan kehadiran tentera di negara ini, memutuskan mengenai
perkara itu.
“Sama
ada jalan buntu lebih teruk atau lebih baik bergantung kepada kadar di mana
Kongres defunds perang,” katanya.
Pada
masa ini Washington masih mempunyai 63,000 tentera di atas darat. Terdahulu
pada bulan Disember, undian Associated Press-GfK mendapati 57 % peratus rakyat
Amerika berkata berperang di Afghanistan sebagai tindak balas kepada 11- September
serangan pengganas mungkin “perkara yang salah untuk dilakukan.” Minoriti rakyat Amerika Syarikat adalah
memihak kepada rancangan pengeluaran semasa, dengan 53 % peratus berkata proses
ini mengambil masa yang lama dan 34 % peratus respons yang pengunduran tentera
adalah kira-kira betul.
The
Afghan people have witnessed too much indiscriminate killing of innocent
citizens to give license for more such behavior. On the American holiday of
Thanksgiving, for example, a US drone attack left one child dead and two women
injured as NATO forces claimed they were trying to kill a lone "known
militant" in Helmand Province.
Meanwhile,
analysts fear that Kabul’s grip on power is likely to become increasingly
irrelevant as it loses “purchase” over various regions of the country, another
official said.
The
White House refused to comment on the NIE’s report. A senior administration
official said intelligence assessments are “only one tool in our policy
analysis toolbox.”
“One of
the intelligence community’s principal duties is to warn about potential upsides
and downsides to US policy, and we frequently use their assessments to identify
vulnerabilities and take steps to correct them,” the statement said. “We will
be weighing inputs from the [intelligence services] alongside those of the
military, our diplomats and development experts as we look at the consequential
decisions ahead of us, including making a decision on whether to leave troops
in Afghanistan after the end of 2014.”
Stephen
Biddle, a defense policy expert at the Council on Foreign Relations, said
experts are largely pulled between two views on the future prospects in
Afghanistan. One side sees Afghan security forces eventually forcing the
Taliban into some sort of political agreement. Another side forecasts that the
Taliban, which the United States blamed for harboring Al-Qaeda mastermind,
Osama bin Laden, will gradually regain its former influence in the country.
Biddle
said much depends on how Congress, which is becoming increasingly wary of
continuing its military presence in the country, decides on the matter.
“Whether
it’s a worse or better stalemate depends on the rate at which Congress defunds
the war,” he said.
At the
moment Washington still has 63,000 troops on the ground. Earlier in December,
an Associated Press-GfK poll found that 57 percent of Americans say going to
war in Afghanistan as response to the September-11 terrorist attacks was
probably the “wrong thing to do.” A minority of US citizens is in favor of the
current withdrawal plan, with 53 percent saying the process is taking too long
and 34 percent responding that the troop withdrawal is about right.
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