Sedutan imej dari video di atas pakar senjata kimia PBB, memakai topeng gas, memeriksa salah satu laman serangan senjata kimia yang didakwa di pinggir bandar Damsyik daripada pinggir bandar Zamalka (U.N. chemical weapons experts, wearing gas masks, inspect one of the sites of an alleged chemical weapons attack in the Damascus' suburb of Zamalka suburbs (Reuters/Mohammad Abdullah– think IN pictures @1WORLDCommunity)
MADAyuMadyan – Ahli-ahli politik marah bahawa Britain memberikan lesen eksport untuk menjual Chemicals' Gas saraf ke Syria. MPs menuntut penjelasan daripada menteri-menteri kerajaan Isnin selepas mengetahui bahawa UK diberikan lesen untuk mengeksport bahan kimia ke Syria yang mungkin telah digunakan untuk menghasilkan gas saraf. Lesen-lesen telah diberikan pada malam perang saudara di Syria.
Lesen eksport bagi natrium fluorida dan fluorida kalium telah diberikan pada bulan Januari 2012, dalam pengetahuan penuh bahawa kedua-dua bahan-bahan “juga boleh digunakan sebagai bahan kimia prekursor dalam pembuatan senjata kimia,” menurut laporan yang diterbitkan oleh Dewan Jawatankuasa Commons pada Kawalan Senjata eksport pada bulan Julai.
Angus Robertson, Scotland Parti Kebangsaan MP, memberitahu RT bahawa isu ini telah dibangkitkan di Dewan Rakyat ketika soalan pertahanan pada Isnin selepas pergolakan isu ini menggelegak pada hujung minggu.
“Menteri Pertahanan terpaksa menjelaskan mengapa bahawa ia UK juga akan mempertimbangkan pemberian lesen eksport,” katanya, sambil menambah bahawa ia adalah “mustahil untuk memberitahu” sama ada pemberontak boleh mendapat memegang bahan kimia yang mereka perlu membuat ianya ke dalam negara.
Kedua-dua natrium fluorida dan fluorida kalium boleh digunakan dalam pengeluaran sarin, gas neurotoksik. Dos yang besar sarin boleh membawa kepada lumpuh, kehilangan kesedaran, sawan dan kegagalan pernafasan, akhirnya mengakibatkan kematian.
“Inilah sebabnya mengapa mereka termasuk di Australia Group senjata kimia senarai prekursor dan disenaraikan dalam Lampiran I Peraturan Majlis 428/2009, bermakna lesen diperlukan untuk eksport mereka dari EU,” kata laporan itu.
Pada tahun 1950, Amerika Syarikat dan Kesatuan Soviet yang dihasilkan gas sarin untuk tujuan ketenteraan, dan Syria telah jatuh di bawahnya disyaki memiliki bekalan dibuat Soviet. Setiausaha Negara Amerika Syarikat, John Kerry yang mendakwa pada hari Ahad bahawa ia telah digunakan dalam serangan di timur Damsyik pinggir Ghouta pada 21 Ogos di mana beberapa ratus orang dikatakan telah mati. Tuduhan yang datang sebagai PBB masih jauh daripada penamat menguji sampel mereka dikumpulkan di tapak serangan yang didakwa.
Pada Isnin, kerajaan British telah memberikan penjelasan tentang mengapa lesen eksport telah diberikan untuk laluan bahan kimia yang kononnya terikat untuk sebuah syarikat yang berpusat di Syria.
“Kami mengeluarkan lesen bagi natrium fluorida dan fluorida kalium. Pengeksport dan penerima syarikat menunjukkan bahawa bahan kimia adalah untuk orang awam penggunaan-akhir yang sah, yang adalah untuk logam penamat profil aluminium yang digunakan untuk membuat mandian aluminium dan bingkai tingkap aluminium, “Oliver Fry, seorang jurucakap dari Jabatan UK untuk Perniagaan, Inovasi dan Kemahiran, memberitahu RT melalui e-mel.
Ia masih tidak jelas apa yang telah menerima penghantaran kerana syarikat mereka sedang dibekalkan telah kepada yang tinggal tanpa nama.
“Saya masih bimbang, bagaimanapun, sebagai lesen kimia telah dikeluarkan pada satu masa apabila keadaan di Syria yang tersangat huru-hara,” kata Robertson.
Politicians enraged that Britain gave export licenses to sell Syria 'nerve gas chemicals' MPs demanded an explanation from government ministers Monday after finding out that the UK granted licenses to export chemicals to Syria that could have been used to produce nerve gas. The licenses were granted on the eve of the Syrian civil war.
Export licenses for sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride were granted in January 2012, in the full knowledge that both substances “could also be used as precursor chemicals in the manufacture of chemical weapons,” according to a report published by the House of Commons Committee on Arms Export Controls in July.
Angus Robertson, a Scottish National Party MP, told RT that the issue was raised in the House of Commons during defense questions on Monday after unrest surrounding the issue bubbled over the weekend.
“Defense ministers had to explain why it was that the UK would even consider granting an export license,” he said, adding that it was "impossible to tell" whether rebels could have got hold of the chemicals should they have made it into the country.
Both sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride are capable of being used in the production of sarin, a neurotoxic gas. Large doses of sarin can lead to paralysis, loss of consciousness, convulsions and respiratory failure, eventually resulting in death.
“This is why they are included on the Australia Group chemical weapons precursors list and are listed in Annex I of Council Regulation 428/2009, meaning a licence is required for their export from the EU,” the report said.
In the 1950s, the US and the USSR produced sarin gas for military purposes, and Syria has fallen under suspicion of owning Soviet-made supplies. US Secretary of State John Kerry alleged on Sunday that it was used in the attack in the eastern Damascus suburb of Ghouta on August 21 in which several hundred people were thought to have died. The accusation came as the UN is still far from finishing testing the samples they collected at the site of the alleged attack.
On Monday, the British government gave an explanation as to why an export license was granted for the passage of chemicals that were supposedly bound for a company based in Syria.
“We issued licenses for sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride. The exporter and recipient company demonstrated that the chemicals were for a legitimate civilian end-use, which was for metal finishing of aluminum profiles used in making aluminum showers and aluminum window frames,” Oliver Fry, a spokesperson from the UK’s Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, told RT via e-mail.
It remains unclear exactly who was to receive the shipments as the company they were being supplied to has stayed anonymous.
“I’m still concerned, however, as the chemical licenses were issued at a time when the situation in Syria had already deteriorated,” said Robertson.
%E2%80%99+Kerajaan+UK+ke+atas+Syria.jpg "Members of Parliament are seen attending a session of Parliament in the House of Commons in London (Reuters/UK Parliament via Reuters TV – think IN pictures @1WORLDCommunity)")
Ahli-ahli Parlimen yang dilihat menghadiri sesi Parlimen di Dewan Rakyat di London (Members of Parliament are seen attending a session of Parliament in the House of Commons in London (Reuters/UK Parliament via Reuters TV – think IN pictures @1WORLDCommunity)
Walau bagaimanapun penghantaran tidak pernah sampai ke negara Arab.
“Eksport sendiri tidak berlaku, jadi bahan kimia yang tidak membuat jalan mereka ke Syria,” kata Robertson. “UK dibatalkan lesen eksport apabila EU memberitahu UK untuk melakukannya . . . Terus terang masalahnya ialah bahawa UK telah bersedia untuk memberikan kepada lesen eksport di tempat yang pertama.”
EU kemudian mengenakan sekatan baru, dengan lesen yang dibatalkan pada bulan Julai 2012.
“Sekatan termasuk larangan ke atas penjualan, pembekalan, pemindahan atau eksport tertentu barangan dwi-guna dan bahan kimia (termasuk natrium fluorida dan fluorida kalium) yang boleh digunakan untuk penindasan dalaman atau dalam pembuatan barang-barang yang boleh digunakan untuk penindasan dalaman, " Jawatankuasa House of Commons Kawalan Eksport Senjata dinyatakan - laporan.
However the shipment never reached the Arab country.
“The export itself did not take place, so the chemicals did not make their way to Syria,” Robertson said. “The UK rescinded the export licenses when the EU told the UK to do it... Frankly the problem is that the UK was prepared to grant to an export license in the first place.”
The EU later imposed new sanctions, with licenses being revoked in July 2012.
“The sanctions included prohibitions on the sale, supply, transfer or export of certain dual-use items and chemicals (including sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride) which might be used for internal repression or in the manufacture of items which might be used for internal repression,” the House of Commons Committee on Arms Export Controls report stated.
%E2%80%99+Kerajaan+UK+ke+atas+Syria_1.jpg "Free Syrian Army fighters clean and inspect their weapon in Raqqa province, eastern Syria September 1, 2013 (Reuters/Nour Fourat – think IN pictures @1WORLDCommunity)")
Pejuang Free Syrian Army membersihkan dan memeriksa senjata mereka di wilayah Raqqa, timur Syria 1 September, 2013 (Free Syrian Army fighters clean and inspect their weapon in Raqqa province, eastern Syria September 1, 2013 (Reuters/Nour Fourat – think IN pictures @1WORLDCommunity)
Potensi bahan kimia adalah tidak dipertikaikan.
“Fluorida adalah kunci untuk membuat peluru ini,” kata Profesor Alastair Hay, seorang pakar dalam toksikologi alam sekitar di Leeds University, memberitahu Rekod Harian pada hari Ahad. Walau bagaimanapun, adalah tidak diketahui sama ada ia adalah faktor penyumbang.
“Sama ada elemen-elemen ini telah digunakan oleh Syria untuk membuat agen saraf adalah sesuatu yang hanya siasatan seterusnya akan mendedahkan,” kata Hay.
‘Munafik (Hipokrit)’ Kerajaan UK ke atas Syria
Dikotomi antara tuntutan UK dan amalan sebenar telah diketengahkan oleh Mark Bitel Kempen Menentang Senjata Perdagangan (Scotland). “Kerajaan adalah munafik untuk bercakap mengenai senjata kimia jika ia memberikan lesen kepada syarikat-syarikat untuk mengeksport ke rejim seperti Syria,” katanya.
“Kami melihat David Cameron, di tengah-tengah Spring Arab, bergegas ke Timur Tengah dengan tangan syarikat-syarikat untuk mempromosikan perniagaan.”
KeMUNAFIKan ‘(Hipokrit)’ Kerajaan UK ke atas Syria
“Ada juga pembangunan yang selari,” katanya kepada RT. “Menteri-menteri perlu mengakui bahawa UK dilatih kanan Assad pegawai tentera di UK selama beberapa tahun. Kini, kedua-dua kes ini menunjukkan kepada saya tidak konsisten katakan berdasarkan keputusan yang telah diambil di sini di London.”
Beliau menambah bahawa UK mempunyai rekod yang meragukan dalam menyediakan peralatan berpotensi membawa maut di luar negara.
“UK mempunyai bentuk dalam jenis perkara ini - sedang bersedia untuk menjual perkakasan tentera dan lain-lain yang boleh digunakan untuk pengeluaran senjata, dan dalam kes ini bahan kimia yang boleh - dalam keadaan - digunakan untuk menghasilkan senjata kimia.
Dan kita perlu bertanya kepada diri sendiri mengapa dengan keadaan yang sudah telah huru-hara begitu teruk bahawa UK telah pun bersedia untuk memberikan lesen eksport di mana bahan kimia yang mempunyai 2 kegunaan yang berpotensi. Ya, untuk tujuan pembuatan, tetapi juga untuk pengeluaran senjata kimia, “kata Roberstson.
The potential of the chemicals is undisputed.
“Fluoride is key to making these munitions,” Professor Alastair Hay, an expert in environmental toxicology at Leeds University, told the Daily Record on Sunday. However, it is unknown whether they were a contributing factor.
“Whether these elements were used by Syria to make nerve agents is something only subsequent investigation will reveal,” Hay said.
UK Government 'Hypocritical' On Syria
The dichotomy between UK claims and actual practice were highlighted by Mark Bitel of the Campaign Against Arms Trade (Scotland). “The Government is hypocritical to talk about chemical weapons if it’s granting licences to companies to export to regimes such as Syria,” he said.
“We saw David Cameron, in the wake of the Arab Spring, rushing off to the Middle East with arms companies to promote business.”
MP Angus Robertson echoed the sentiment on Monday.
“There’s also a parallel development,” he told RT. “Ministers are having to acknowledge that the UK trained senior Assad military officers in the UK over a number of years. Now, both of these cases show to me an utter inconsistency on the basis of decisions that have been taken here in London.”
He added that the UK had a dubious track record in providing potentially lethal equipment overseas.
“The UK has form in this sort of thing – being prepared to sell military hardware and other things that can be used for the production of weapons, and in this case chemicals which could – in circumstances – be used to produce chemical weapons.
And we do have to ask ourselves why with the situation already having deteriorated so badly that the UK was even prepared to grant an export license where these chemicals do have a potential dual use. Yes, for manufacturing purposes, but also for the production of chemical weapons,” said Roberstson.
